17 AĞUSTOS 1999 ADAPAZARI DEPREMİNİN SOSYAL VE EKONOMİK ETKİLERİ
Social and Economic Impacts of the 17 August 1999 Earthquake on Adapazarı
1999 Adapazarı Depremi Ekonomik Kayıp
Impact of Earthquake on the Economy of Adapazarı,
The impacts of the 17 August earthquake on the economy of Turkey is not simply the loss of life and physical assets, but the effects emerge also as loss of factory buildings, machinery, stock and labor force in manufacturing and industrial business premises, the effects in the form of production loss and decreases in exportation of goods, resulting from the facilities that suspended production. Economic loss experienced by Adapazarı in the earthquake is approximately $ 3 billions according to the assessments made by the World Bank, Adapazarı Chamber of Industry and DPT.
Total Damage Loss 3 Billion Dollars
It is not easy to have a full estimate of the economic impacts of the 1999 earthquakes in Adapazarı, as primary (as loss of life and property and infrastructure), secondary (education,
trade, investments halfway), and tertiary costs such as loss of time, energy and wasted periods of individual times, and obstructed potential growth which are almost impossible to
track. The argument here is to draw attention to the immense volume of values lost, opportunities escaped, intentions and processes delayed, if it was not for planning decisions that served to immediate interests of a few, rather than the public good. It is for this reason that the following chapter intends to investigate how city plans were made and identify the nature of revisions followed by these plans.
Number of Dead And İnjured People in the Provinces Affected fromthe 1999 Earthquake
1999 Depreminin Deprem Bölgesel Ekonımiye Etkisi
Effects of Earthquake on Region’s Economy
The study made by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) concerning 1999 Earthquake reveals the effects of the earthquakes on the economy, in terms
of direct costs, indirect costs and effects of earthquake in production and income losses and emergency aid expenses. The secondary effects, on the other hand, reflect the effects of earthquake on the general economy in the short and long terms, that is on the indicators such as financial policies and payments balance, inflation and unemployment (OECD, 2000).
In Table 3.4, the macroeconomic costs of 1999 Earthquake according to studies made by the Turkish Industrialists and Businessmen‟s Association (TUSIAD), State Planning Agency
DPT, and the World Bank are shown. In these estimates, direct costs have the highest share. In Table 3.3, total cost is 17 billions dollars according to TUSIAD, 15-19 billions dollars according to DPT and 12-17 billions dollars according to the World Bank.
Accordingly, the earthquake caused a loss of 9 percent of the 1999 Gross Domestic Product according to TUSIAD, 8-10 percent according to DPT and 6,3-9 percent according to the World Bank (Kotil, Konur and Ozgur 2007).
Four major earthquakes caused great losses of life and property in recent decades in the city of Adapazarı. This was not surprising, as the city is located at the zone of highest probability of seismic hazards as indicated in the official map of hazard zones of Turkey. Sakarya Province with Adapazarı as the provincial centre is within the 1st degree seismic belt in the map of Turkey‟s earthquake areas of the Ministry of Public Works and Settlement. It is known that the earthquakes in this area, between 39-41 degree north latitudes are particularly frequent and damaging. Approximately 200 earthquakes occurred in the magnitudes of 4 and more according to Richter scale between 1900 and 1999 (Eastern Marmara Earthquake dated August 17, 1999 and Düzce Earthquake dated November 12, 1999) excluding the shakings following the main quake.
Great Earthquakes Affecting Adapazari in the Recent Century
